Pune through 1 billion years

Pune lay at 1° north, the latitude of Libreville today.

Farthest north.

Pune lay at 65° north.

Pune crosses the equator.

Heading south.

The Cambrian explosion

Pune lay at 37° south, the latitude of Melbourne today.

Life reaches land

Pune lay at 35° south, the latitude of Canberra today.

Farthest south.

Pune lay at 68° south.

The first dinosaurs

Pune lay at 37° south, the latitude of Melbourne today.

The great extinction

Pune lay at 27° south, the latitude of Lobamba today.

Pune crosses the equator.

Heading north.

Homo sapiens

Pune lay at 18° north, its latitude today.

Pune today.

19° north. In 1 billion years the plates have carried it some 56,000 kilometres.

latitude through time

Oldest position in the model: 1° north; 1 billion years ago
Farthest south: 68° south; 340 million years ago
Farthest north: 65° north; 810 million years ago
Crossed the equator: 600 million years ago
Crossed the equator: 40 million years ago
Distance travelled: 56,000 kilometres; 1 billion years

other places

Positions come from the plate model of Merdith and colleagues (2021), through the GPlates Web Service of the EarthByte Group at the University of Sydney. The globe shows today's coastlines carried back with their plates, not the shorelines of the time, so it does not say whether a place was land or sea. Cities and their coordinates come from Wikidata.